In recent years, with the increase of export volume and the continuous improvement of people's quality of life, the quality and safety of aquatic products have been increasingly valued, and the demand for pollution-free aquatic products has been increasing. Therefore, it is imperative to carry out standardized and healthy breeding of tilapia, and one of the key points of standardized and healthy breeding is disease prevention and control. The author has compiled the experience summarized from the tilapia breeding practice in Huazhou in recent years into a document for reference.
The prevention and control of fish diseases mainly focus on prevention, mainly adopting measures such as strict control of stocking density, regulation of aquaculture water quality, feeding of nutritious and fresh feed, and regular sampling for surface and anatomical examination of fish. Once fish diseases are detected, it is important to promptly seek diagnosis from aquatic professionals and receive targeted treatment under their guidance. The general measures are:
1. Thoroughly clean and disinfect the pond;
2. Before entering the pond, fish fry and seeds must be strictly disinfected;
3. After the fry and seeds are placed in the pond, sprinkle 90% crystal trichlorfon at a rate of 1 gram/cubic meter throughout the pond. After half a month, sprinkle 1-2 grams/cubic meter of bleach powder (28% effective chlorine) once;
4. Maintain water quality that is fertilizer, active, tender, and refreshing, with a slight alkalinity;
5. Dead fish should be promptly removed, disinfected, and buried in the soil; 6. The utensils used in the diseased fish pond must be soaked and disinfected, and the water in the diseased fish pond must not be discharged without disinfection
To prevent the occurrence of Streptococcus in summer, regular use of quicklime can be used for disinfection in hot summer. 20-30 kilograms of quicklime should be used per acre, and adjusted according to the depth of the water level. Feed should not be fed after infection with Streptococcus, as this will increase the mortality rate! If there is a high-quality water source for fish ponds to enter, the main cause of streptococcal infection is high temperature combined with the release of harmful gases from low sediment in the pond, which pollutes water quality and leads to long-term hypoxia and reduced disease resistance of tilapia!
The use of fishery drugs must strictly comply with the relevant regulations of the State Council and the Ministry of Agriculture. The usage and dosage of external and internal medicines should comply with the regulations of the Aquatic Industry Standard "Guidelines for the Use of Harmless Food and Fishery Drugs (NY5071-2002)".
